The short version
Keep the beans in the bag they came in. Seal it properly. Put it somewhere cool and dark, away from the oven and out of direct sun. That is it.
The bag we sold you is almost certainly better than whatever you were about to transfer the coffee into. It blocks light, it blocks oxygen and it has a valve. A pretty glass jar on a sunny counter is the worst of all available options and it is also the most popular one.
Grind right before you brew
If you only change one habit, change this one. Whole beans have a small surface area exposed to air. Ground coffee has an enormous one, and it starts losing its aromatics within minutes rather than days. Pre-ground coffee is convenient and it is also most of the reason home coffee tastes flat.
One habit worth more than any container
Buy smaller bags more often. Every storage trick in this article is an attempt to slow down something that is going to happen anyway, and the only real fix is drinking the coffee while it is good. A bag you finish in two weeks never gets the chance to go flat.
Try this
Grind half of tomorrow’s dose tonight and leave it out, and grind the other half right before you brew. Make two cups side by side. The difference between them is everything that escapes from ground coffee overnight, and it is the clearest argument for grinding fresh that anybody can give you.